Algeria on Sunday buried Abdelaziz Bouteflika, the North African country’s longest-serving president, at a cemetery for its independence heroes, but without the honours accorded to his predecessors.
Bouteflika died on Friday aged 84, after a career which took him from being the world’s youngest foreign minister to one of its oldest heads of state, but ended with a humbling fall from power.
The veteran strongman had lived as a recluse since quitting office in April 2019 after the military abandoned him following weeks of street protests sparked by his bid to run for a fifth presidential term.
His muted funeral, with no lying in state and just three days of national mourning instead of eight, reflected a mixed legacy that left many Algerians indifferent to the ceremony.
“Frankly, I’ve got better things to do than follow the funeral of a president who left the country in a terrible state,” retired financial sector employee Fares told AFP in the capital Algiers.
But after the burial, around 200 mourners gathered around his tomb and placed flowers on it, an AFP photographer said.
Bouteflika, who had first served as foreign minister in the mid-1960s, swept to the presidency in 1999 on a wave of popular support as his amnesty offer to Islamist militants helped bring an end to a decade-long civil war.
But despite economic progress amid high oil prices in the early years of his rule, crude exporter Algeria later saw growing corruption and unemployment which became key drivers of the Hirak pro-democracy movement that eventually ousted him.
– Muted ceremony –
President Abdelmadjid Tebboune flanked by top government officials attended Sunday’s funeral, while the minister for independence fighters, Laid Rebiga, read an eulogy.
An armoured vehicle towed his flag-draped coffin on a gun carriage adorned with flowers and escorted by lines of police on motorcycles.
Apart from family members, government members and foreign diplomats attended the ceremony, guarded by blue- and black-uniformed security officers.
The procession travelled from Bouteflika’s residence to the cemetery east of downtown Algiers, as bystanders filmed it with their mobile phones.
Tebboune, who succeeded Bouteflika and once served as his premier, placed a wreath of the freshly-dug tomb amid a gun-salute, the official APS news agency reported.
Only journalists from state media were given access to the ceremony which was not broadcast live, in contrast to the fanfare of previous presidential deaths.
The People’s Palace, where other presidents had lain in state, appeared to have been prepared to display his remains before the interment, but this was cancelled.
– Ill health and protests –
Bouteflika had wanted to outdo his mentor, the country’s second president Houari Boumediene, by boosting Algeria’s regional influence and turning the page on a civil war in the 1990s which killed around 200,000 people, University of Algiers politics lecturer Louisa Dris Ait Hamadouche said.
Instead, “the institutions of the state have never been so weakened, so divided or so discredited,” she said.
Dubbed “Boutef” by Algerians, Bouteflika was known for wearing his trademark three-piece suit even in the stifling heat, and won respect as a foreign minister as well as for helping foster post-civil war peace.
Algeria was largely spared the uprisings that swept the Arab world in 2011, something many credited to memories of the civil war and a boost in state handouts.
But graft under Bouteflika and his circle left Africa’s largest nation by surface area, with vast oil wealth, with poor infrastructure and high unemployment.
Bouteflika also faced criticism from rights groups and opponents who accused him of being authoritarian.
He suffered a mini-stroke in April 2013 that affected his speech, and he was forced to use a wheelchair, barely appearing in public during a presidential campaign the following year.
His bid in 2019 for a fifth term sparked protests that soon grew into the Hirak pro-democracy movement.
Some Bouteflika-era figures were eventually jailed, including his powerful brother Said, who was however permitted to attend Sunday’s funeral. But many members of the old guard are still running the country.
Morocco’s King Mohammed VI was the first head of state to send condolences to Tebboune, despite tensions between the two neighbours.
And French President Emmanuel Macron described Bouteflika as a “major figure” in contemporary Algeria.
